晚发型癫痫性痉挛病因、诊断及治疗进展

Progress in etiology, diagnosis and treatment of late onset epileptic spasms

癫痫性痉挛（ES）作为一种独立的发作形式，不仅存在于婴儿痉挛症，也存在于其他癫痫综合征；大部分ES在1岁内起病，也可在1岁后起病。1岁后起病的ES，称之为晚发型癫痫性痉挛（LOS）。LOS的病因、临床特点、诊断、治疗及预后有别于婴儿痉挛症和Lennox－Gastaut综合征，现就LOS的病因及诊断、治疗进展做一综述。

Epileptic spasms （ES） as an independent form of seizure, exist not only in infantile spasms but also in other epilepsy syndromes. Most ES start within 1 year of age and may also develop after 1 year of age. The onset of ES after 1 year is referred to as late onset epileptic spasms （LOS）. The etiology, clinical characteristics, diagnosis, treat- ment and prognosis of LOS are different from infantile spasms and Lennox - Gastaut syndrome. Now, the progress in etiology, diagnosis and treatment of LOS were reviewed.