西方“中国通”中国观的历史演变及其思考

On China hands' Views on China:Historical Evolution and Reflection

西方的中国观作为世界中国学研究的有机组成部分,其历史演变与中国历史进程基本一致。西方学界赞誉和批判中国的两个流派、两种声音始终并存。游记汉学的中国形象反映当时中国的繁华,耶稣会传教士对中国的认识趋于深入,近代西方汉学的中国观以负面否定为主流。中国改革开放以来,汉学/中国学研究再度兴起。西方学术界虽频现"中国崩溃论""中国威胁论"等,但中国历史文化的魅力和现实中国的活力再次成为西方学界关注的话题。对于欧美社会"中国通"的各种认知,我们应保持学术主体性,探索与开拓中西文化交流的多种渠道。

Western views on China constitutes a significant part of global studies on China, and its historical evolution goes basically in line with the development of China. Praising or criticizing China, two schools or voices in the Western academic circles have long existed. The image of China portrayed in Travelling Sinology vividly reflected the prosper of China in old times. However, with Jesuit missionaries' further understanding of China, mainstream western sinology views on China appeared to be negative in modern times. Since the reform and opening-up in China, sinology and Chinese Studies revitalized. Despite the repeated emergence of theories of "the collapse of China" and "China threat", researches on China's historical and cultural charm as well as real vigor are becoming topics of concern again in the western academic circles. In face of different interpretations by European and American "China hands", we shall maintain academic subjectivity and consolidate and explore various channels for cultural exchanges between China and the West.