利用优质高产冻精改良奶牛效果分析与技术措施探讨

Analysis on The Effect of Genetic Improvement of Dairy Cows with High Quality and High Yield Freeze-cream Discussion on Technical Measures

利用优质高产种公牛冻精,采用不同繁育技术措施,对奶牛进行人工输精遗传改良。本试验通过对情期受胎率、产犊率、产母犊率及产奶量、乳脂率变化对比研究,进一步讨论分析了影响奶牛遗传改良效果的综合技术措施。结果显示:(1)同种细管输精后,同组间高中(低)奶牛产犊率、情期受胎率、繁殖率、产母犊率差异性不显著(P﹥0.05);(2)性控与高产组间,产犊率差异性不显著(P﹥0.05),情期受胎率差异显著(P﹤0.05),繁殖率、产母犊率差异极显著(P﹤0.05);(3)高中低产奶牛头次产奶量分别达6 225±12kg、5 270±15kg、3 360±10kg,提高2.05%、3.33%、8.39%;高中低产奶牛乳脂率变化差异性不显著(PP﹥0.05)。表明在奶牛遗传改良工作中,改进繁殖方式,优化技术措施,利用优质冻精,精准化授精,对加快良种奶牛繁育速度,改善牛群整体质量,提高奶牛生产性能,可持续的增加奶牛经济效益。

genetic improvement of artificial insemination of dairy cattle was carried out by using different breeding tech- niques using frozen semen of high quality and high yield bull. In this experiment, the conception rate, calving rate, female cal- ving rate and milk yield in the period of oestrus were studied. A comparative study on the changes of milk fat rate and further analysis of the comprehensive technical measures affecting the effect of genetic improvement of dairy cattle were made. The re- sults showed that the calving rate of middle （low） dairy cows in the same group was lower than that in the same group after the same tube-insemination. The difference of conception rate, fecundity rate and calving rate in estrous period was not significant （P〉0.05）. （2） there was no significant difference in calving rate between sex control group and high yield group （P〉0. 05）, but there was significant difference in conception rate in estrous period. The difference of reproduction rate and calving rate was significant （P〈0. 05）. （3） the first milk yield of middle, middle and low yield cows was 6225 ±12 kg, 5270 ± 15 kg, 3360 ± 10 kg respectively, which increased 2.05% 3.33% and 8.39% ; The difference of milk fat rate was not significant （P〈0.05）. The results showed that in the process of genetic improvement, the breeding methods should be improved, the technical meas- ures should be optimized, and the high quality frozen sperm could be used to inseminate accurately. To speed up the breeding speed of improved dairy cattle, to improve the overall quality of cattle, to improve the performance of dairy cows, and to in- crease the dairy cows sustainably, economic performance.