冲突与融合:宋代历法改革刍议

Conflict and Integration:Discussion on the Calendar Reform of Song Dynasty

南北两宋分别有"八改历"的现象,其改历行为频率高、周期短,情况之复杂、斗争之激烈,在中国古代历史上都是非常少见的。这种现象的背后,既包含官方与民间、天命与正统、理学与历学之间的冲突与竞争,也是雅俗之分、华夷之辨、古今之争在宋代的延续和异化,体现了科学和政治相融突、相和合的鲜明特征,间接推动了宋代历法相关的工具创造与技术创新。

North and South Song Dynasty, respectively, had modified the calendar eight times. The frequency is so high, the cycle is so short, the situa- tion is so complicated, and the fight is so intense of the modify that it＇s rarely occurs in the Ancient Chinese History. Behind this situation, it not only in- cludes the conflict and competition between the official and fulkl the destiny and orthodox,the Neo - Confucianism and calendarism,but also is the contin- uation and alienation of the differences of the elegance and vulgar, the argue of China and minorlty,the struggle of the ancient and modern. The Calendar reformation reflects a distinctive features that the relationship of the Song Dynasty$ science and politics is conflict, integration and harmonious. Indirectly, the situation promoted the the creation of tools and the innovation of technological related to the calendar in Song Dynasty.