SH40中间砧和自根砧对苹果根系生长和内源激素含量的影响

Effects of SH40 Interstocks and Scion-roots on Apple Root Growth and Content of Endogenous Hormones

以3年生‘天红2号’苹果/SH40/八棱海棠和‘天红2号’苹果/SH40为试材,研究了SH40作为中间砧和自根砧对植株根系生长发育和内源激素含量的影响。结果表明:中间砧处理的树高、干径、总枝量、超长枝及长枝数量比自根砧处理分别高21.92%、27.11%、22.48%、78.60%和156.00%,而自根砧处理中短枝比例达81.21%,比中间砧高11.63%。中间砧处理的细根生长量、细根死亡量、根表面积密度和根条数密度比自根砧处理高58.64%、49.67%、36.88%和53.33%。在0~60 cm土层中,两组处理的根系一年中均有4次快速生长期,中间砧处理的第2次、第3次显著高于自根砧,且第3次快速生长期出现时间比自根砧早16 d;中间砧处理有2次明显的死亡集中期,自根砧处理则有4次。中间砧处理的根系中(IAA+ZR+GA)/ABA在果树生长发育期显著高于自根砧处理。

The effects of different rootstocks on growth and development of apple roots and hormones contents were studied by using 3-year-old Tianhong 2/SH40/Baleng Crabapple and Tianhong 2/SH40. The results showed that the height,diameter,total shoot number,superlong shoots and long shoots number of the interstocks treatments were 21.92%,27.11%,22.48%,78.60% and 156.00% higher than those of the scion-roots. And the short shoots rate was 81.21% in scion-root,which was significantly higher than that of the interstocks（69.58%）. The fine root growth,fine root death,root surface area density and root number density of the interstocks were 58.64%,49.67%,36.88% and 53.33% higher than those of the scion-roots. In 0–60 cm soil layer,four peaks appeared in the annual growth dynamics of the roots in the two treatments,the second and third peak of the interstocks were significantly higher than that of the scion-roots and the third peak was 16 days earlier than that of the scion-roots. The interstocks had two obvious death peaks,while the scion-roots treatments had four death peaks. The rate of（IAA ＋ ZR ＋ GA）/ABA in root of interstocks was significantly higher than that of the scion-root during the tree growth and development.