“地方性”与城市工业遗产旅游再利用——以美国马萨诸塞州洛厄尔国家历史公园为

“Placeness” and Urban Industrial Heritage for Tourism Adaptive Reuse: A Case Study of Lowell National Historic Park in Massachusetts, America

随着我国城市更新速度加快,保护市区重要工业遗存成为重要现实课题。发展旅游业,改造为开放式主题公园、城市历史公园等成为适应性再利用重要手段之一。传统文化地理学和新文化地理学"地方性"理念,对城市工业遗产旅游再利用具有借鉴价值。本文基于传统文化地理学和新文化地理理学理论,探索性构建城市工业遗产旅游再利用概念性理论框架,并结合美国美国马萨诸塞州洛厄尔国家历史公园实践进行案例分析。研究结果表明:城市工业遗产旅游再利用应兼顾文化的空间研究和空间的文化化研究,在促进"地方感"形成的同时,强化"地方认同",立足遗产真实性、完整性保护,突出标志性构筑物、宏观可视性、情境化再现、形象意义认同和变化关系考量等视角介入,加强原有场所价值,凝聚"地方性"认同感,实现旅游发展的可持续性。

With the speed up of Chinese urban renewal, how to conserve important urban industrial sites in the city becomes a prominent realistic issue. Developing tourism by transforming it to open theme park, urban historic parks and so on is an important means of adaptive reuse. The ＂Sense of Place＂ concept from traditional and new cultural geography both have reference value to adaptive reuse of urban industrial heritage by developing tourism. The paper, based on theories of traditional culture geography and new cultural geography, tries to build up a conceptual theory framework of urban industrial heritage adaptive reuse by developing tourism and carries out a case study for practices of Lowell National Historical Park in Massachusetts, United States. The results show that： the adaptive reuse of urban industrial heritage by developing tourism should attach6 importance to both the space research for culture and culture research for space. On the basis of protecting ＂authenticity＂ and ＂integrity ＂for the heritage, promote both ＂Sense of Place ＂and ＂Place Identity＂, prominently carries out depth analysis from the perspective oflandmark structures, macro visibility, situated reproduction, image and significance recognition and changed relationship consideration so as to strengthen the original place value and place identity and achieve the sustainability of tourism development.