眼动指标检测管制疲劳的性能研究

Performance trace experimental study of the eye movement index and its effect on detecting the fatigue of the air traffic controller

为了挖掘更多检测管制疲劳的眼动指标,利用模拟塔台管制软件和眼动仪搭建试验平台,采集被试的眼动数据和主观疲劳的程度值,通过其疲劳前后眼动指标差异的显著性、与疲劳的相关性、以及受试者的工作特征曲线（ROC）分析,探讨了各眼动指标检测管制疲劳的性能。结果表明：疲劳前后被试的扫视速度、注视点和平均注视时长差异显著,扫视幅度无显著差异;扫视幅度与疲劳无相关性,平均注视时长与疲劳呈弱相关,扫视速度和注视点数与疲劳均呈中等以上的显著相关;利用注视点、扫视速度二元分类识别疲劳的效果为接近较好水平,是有潜力的管制疲劳检测指标,可为管制员疲劳检测和预警提供试验支撑。

In order to find the effect of the eye movement indexes on the air traffic controllers＇ fatigue,the paper has built up an experimental platform by using a simulated air-traffic tower control software and the eye tracker. In the said experiment,we have invited 12 students from the Civil Aviation University of China to join in the simulated experiment voluntarily and in turn collected their eye movement data to test their subjective fatigue degree or extent. Based on the above data,we have collected the various data of the information in testing the eye movement when the subjects are made to put in different kinds of psychological status-insitu（ sober and fatigue）. And,then,we have made a brief discussion through the Spearman correlation analysis between the eye movement indexes and the fatigue degrees through an analysis over the operating characteristic curve（ ROC）,the effects of the performance of the eye movement index on detecting the air traffic controllers ＇ fatigue. The results of our experiment show that there exists a significant difference in the aspect of the fixation points and the fixation duration mean between the status of sober and fatigue,so is with the saccade speed of the subjects in different situations. However,we failed to find any significant difference of the average saccade length when subjects are in sober and fatigue states. That is to say,the average saccade length has no direct link with the fatigue and the fixation duration even the weakest correlation with it. However, we have found that the Spearman correlation coefficient between saccadic velocity and the fatigue extent has to be equal to-0. 679,whereas the Spearman correlation coefficient between the fixation points and the fatigue stands about 0. 52,both indicating the medium and the medium above correlated with the fatigue. Therefore,through the above ROC analysis,the area under ROC curve（ AUC） of the saccadic velocity on fatigue classification should be equal to 0. 844 whereas the AUC of the fixations on the fatigue classification may turn to be 0. 766. And,in turn,the effect of taking saccadic velocity and fixation points as the classifiers of the air traffic controllers＇ fatigue prove both close to the perfect level. Therefore,it can be concluded that the saccadic velocity and the fixation points are the potential indicators to monitor and measure the air traffic controllers＇ fatigue. Thus,the conclusive idea we have gained in this way can be expected to provide forceful experimental supports for the air traffic controllers＇ fatigue detection and the early warning,which implies a great importance for protecting the safety of civil aviation.