城乡基层自治发展不均衡的原因与对策

Causes of the imbalanced development of urban and rural grassroots self-governance and possible solutions

改革开放以来,城乡基层自治的形成与发展呈现出了不均衡的状态,城市居民自治的形成与发展明显滞后于农村村民自治。通过对二者形成与发展的历史与逻辑的梳理可知,造成这一现象的主要原因在于:二者所赖以形成的起点不同、平台不同、政府与自治组织的关系不同。正是这些因素导致了城市居民自治产生的时间较晚,居民自治空间不足,居民参与自治的动力微弱,进而导致其发展相对滞后于农村。基于以上原因,为了加快城市居民自治的发展,政府应该主动转变职能,实现从社区事务的直接干预者到社区培育者的角色转换。

Since the reform and opening-up in China,the urban and rural grassroots self-governance has shown an imbalance in its formation and development. The formation and development of the urban residents＇ self-governance obviously lag behind the rural villagers＇ self-governance. A comparative study of their history and logic reveals that the main causes for this imbalance are as follows：different starting points,different platforms,and different relations between the local governments and autonomous organizations. It is these factors that lead to the delayed and weaker self-governance of the urban residents,as well as their reluctant participation willingness. Thus,in order to improve the development of urban residents＇ self-governance,the government should take the initiative to transform its functions and the role from a direct intervener in community affairs to a community helper.