督促还是淘汰:博士生中期考核机制形成及其实施效果研究

To Facilitate or to Expel Underachievers:A Case Study on the Formation of PhD Qualifying Mechanism and Its Effects

中期考核是控制博士生培养过程质量的重要手段。以一所研究型大学为例,对中期考核的决策过程和实施效果进行质性分析,发现低淘汰率是传统文化背景中的策略选择,学科特征不同导致考核形式多样化,实施效果的影响因素包括学生个人因素(如动机和对学术活动的投入程度)、导师指导、院系氛围、培养制度和结构的规范化等。完善中期考核实践应注重提高导师指导质量,尊重多元化需求,探索如何有效评价科研能力,通过考核反馈进行有针对性的指导。

The qualifying exam acts as the crucial means of process quality control. Ana- lyzing the policy-making process and implement effectiveness of qualifying exam in a research university, it finds that the low attrition rate is a kind of strategy choice in the context of tra- ditional culture; the diversity of examination forms are determined by the characteristics of different disciplines; there are several key elements effect on the results, such as students＇ personal variables like motivation and involvement in the academic activities, the quality of supervision relationships, and the departmental culture including regulations and structures. Then it needs to improve the supervisors＇ guidance, respect the diversified needs, evaluate doctoral students＇ research ability effectively, and make the guidance and feedback more tar- geted and useful.