粤糖系列甘蔗亲本表型性状遗传多样性分析

Genetic Diversity Analysis of Phenotypic Traits in Yuetang Serial Sugarcane( Saccharum officinarum L. ) Parental Resources

为了解粤糖系列甘蔗亲本遗传关系,提高粤糖系列甘蔗亲本的利用效率,本研究利用35个表型性状对106份粤糖系列甘蔗亲本和10份中国主栽甘蔗品种进行了遗传多样性、聚类分析等研究。结果表明,粤糖系列甘蔗亲本平均多样性信息指数、基因多样性指数分别为0.782±0.082、0.438±0.039,遗传多样性水平较高。叶片宽度和曝光后茎色多样性非常丰富。遗传相似性系数变幅在0.388~0.829,基于遗传相似性系数的聚类分析将参试材料分成2个大类群6个亚类群及5个亚亚类群。20世纪80年代粤糖亲本多样性指数最高,基于遗传距离的聚类分析将7个群体分为3个类群(Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ),中国主栽甘蔗品种单独成为一个类群。以上结果为甘蔗遗传育种亲本的选择、杂交组合配制及核心种质构建提供帮助。

In order to understand the genetic relationship of Yuetang sugarcane parental lines and improve the use efficiency of this germplasm resource,the genetic diversity and cluster relationships were conducted via determining thirty-five phenotypic traits in 106 Yuetang sugarcane parents and 10 major sugarcane varieties. The results indicated a higher genetic diversity in Yuetang sugarcane parents with Shannon＇s information index 0. 782 ± 0. 082 and Nei＇ gene diversity 0. 438 ± 0. 039. The higher phenotypic variations on leaf width and stem color exposed were observed. The range of genetic similarity was from 0. 388 to 0. 829. By cluster analysis based on the genetic similarity,116 genotypes could be divided into two groups,6 subgroups or 5 small groups. The genotypes released in the1980 s showed the highest genetic diversity. Seven groups could be clustered into three groups（ Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ） and branch Ⅲ only included major sugarcane varieties. Thus,this result could provide a theoretical guidance for selecting cross parents and parental combination.