“高分五号”卫星概况及应用前景展望

GF-5 Satellite: Overview and Application Prospects

"高分五号"卫星是中国高分辨率对地观测系统重大专项中实现高光谱分辨率观测的卫星,运行于高度705km的太阳同步轨道,装载可见短波红外高光谱相机、全谱段光谱成像仪、大气环境红外甚高光谱分辨率探测仪、大气主要温室气体监测仪、大气痕量气体差分吸收光谱仪、大气气溶胶多角度偏振探测仪等6台有效载荷,具备高光谱与多光谱对地成像、大气掩星与天底观测、大气多角度偏振探测、海洋耀斑观测等多种观测手段,获取从紫外至长波红外(0.24~13.3μm)高光谱分辨率遥感数据;载荷的光谱分辨率最高可达0.03cm^(–1),具备在轨定标功能,绝对辐射定标精度优于5%,光谱定标精度最高可达0.008cm^(–1)。卫星将在环境综合监测、国土资源调查和气候变化研究等方面发挥重要作用。

GF-5 was the satellite to achieve hyper-spectral observation in Chinese Key Projects of High Resolution Earth Observation System. It was designed to run on sun-synchronous orbit. The orbit altitude was 705 km and Local Time of Ascending Node was 13：30. Six payloads were carried on it. They were Advanced Hyper-spectral Imager（AHSI）, Visual and Infrared Multispectral Imager（VIMI）, Atmospheric Infrared Ultra-spectral Sounder（AIUS）, Greenhouse Gases Monitoring Instrument（GMI）, Environmental trace gases Monitoring Instrument（EMI）, and Directional Polarization Camera（DPC）. By using them, the satellite can obtain the hyper-spectral remote sensing data from ultraviolet to long wave infrared bands. The various observation means of hyper-spectral and Multi-spectral earth imaging, occultation and nadir observation for atmosphere, multi-angular polarization observation and ocean sun-glint observation were adopted. The highest spectral resolution was 0.03 cm^–1 and on-board calibration was provided. The radiometric calibration accuracy was better than 5% and the spectral calibration accuracy was up to 0.008 cm^–1. The satellite would play an important role in atmospheric environment monitoring, land and resources survey, and climate changing research.