船舶压载水浮游植物采样技术的比较

Effects of different sampling methods on the assessment of biomass quantity in ballast water

通过模拟实验,比较了夏季和冬季2个季节条件下4种采样方法(采水器法、隔膜泵法、潜水泵法和管道法)和4种采样体积(1 L、10 L、100 L和1 000 L)对船舶压载水浮游植物采样效果的影响。夏季4种采样方法采集到的浮游植物密度分别为1 180.00±20、971.00±20、964.00±20和676.00±20 cells/L,冬季为152.00±20、120.00±20、80.00±20和200.00±20 cells/L。夏季4种采样体积下采集到的浮游植物密度为1 000.00±50、288.40±20、45.24±10和0.05±0.01 cells/L,冬季为168.00±20、25.20±10、3.32±1和0.05±0.01 cells/L。结果显示不论夏季还是冬季,不同的采样方法和采样体积下采集到的船舶压载水浮游植物数量差异显著,因而采样方法和采样体积影响着船舶压载水浮游植物的采样效果,亟需在国际层面推动通过系统的科学研究,建立起统一准确的船舶压载水采样方法,为压载水港口国检测提供技术支撑,保护港口和海洋生态环境。

Through simulation experiments,four sampling methods（ water collector method,diaphragm pump method,submersible pump method,and pipeline method） and four sampling volumes（ 1 L,10 L,100 L,and 1 000 L） were compared under summer and winter conditions. The results showed that the method of sampling impacts the analysis of phytoplankton. The density of phytoplankton collected by the four sampling methods in the summer was 1 180. 00 ± 20 cells/L,971. 00 ± 20 cells/L,964. 00 ± 20 cells/L,and676. 00 ± 20 cells/L respectively,and 152. 00 ± 20 cells/L and 120. 00 ± 20 cells/L,80. 00 ± 20 cells/L,200. 00 ± 20 cells/L in winter. The phytoplankton density collected in the four sampling volumes in summer was 1 000. 00 ± 50 cells/L,288. 40 ± 20 cells/L,45. 24 ± 10 cells/L,0. 05 ± 0. 01 cells/L and 168. 00 ± 20 cells/L,25. 20 ± 10 cells/L,3. 32 ± 1 cells/L and 0. 05 ± 0. 01 cells/L in winter. The results show that regardless of summer or winter,different sample methods and sampling volumes have significant differences in the number of phytoplankton in the ballast water. Therefore,the sampling method and sampling volume affect the analysis of phytoplankton inthe ship＇ s ballast water. The systematic research is conducted to establish a unified and accurate sampling method for ship ballast water so as to provide technical support for ballast water port state inspection and to protect the port and marine ecological environment.