欧洲公共文化立法探讨及对中国的启示——以英国、比利时及法国公共文化立法为研究对象

Research of Public Cultural Legislation in Europe and the Inspiration to China with Britain:Belgium and Franceas the Representatives

以英国、比利时及法国为代表的欧洲国家历经数世纪文化产业的变革,形成了符合自身文化发展实际的市场发展模式、地方政府推动模式及中央集权模式,这些模式在处理政府与市场、法律与政策、授权与融资、激励与保障、监管与问责关系方面既存在共性也存在区别。中国应在借鉴欧洲经验的基础上,结合《公共文化服务保障法》相关规定,引入社会力量以实现公共文化市场化,释放公共文化机构空间,激励文化人才的自我管理,促使监管机制与问责机制相结合,以保障中国文化服务建设的法制化进程。

As the representatives of European countries,Britain,Belgium and France have experienced the innovation of cultural industry for centuries,and have evolved constantly and formed the market development model,local government promotion model and central authority model of public cultural legislation which accord with their actual cultural development.Among these models,there are similarities and differences in dealing with the relations including government and market,laws and policies,authorization and financing,incentive and guarantee,supervision and accountability,et al. In order to guarantee the process of legalization of public cultural service construction,China should draw the experiences of these European countries,take into consideration the relevant provisions of Security Act of Public Cultural Services,introduce the social forces so as to achieve the marketization of public culture,release the space of public cultural institutions,stimulate the self-management of cultural talents,promote the combination of supervision mechanism and accountability mechanism.