隐名股东股权归属认定标准的类型化研究――以对最高法典型案例的分析与比较为视角

On Typology of Identification Standard of Ownership of Invisible Shareholders: from Perspective of Analysis And Comparison of Typical Cases of Highest Law

法律对隐名投资形式中股权归属的问题尚无明确规定,各种学说对该问题的认定标准也没有区分具体情形,因此造成了司法实践中隐名股东股权归属问题的诉讼数量居高不下和法院对其认定标准模糊的问题。本文结合最高法院判决的典型案例,区分了在不同情形下隐名股东股权归属的认定标准,如果实际出资人是与公司签订的隐名出资协议,在二者之间应适用商法中的实质说认定标准;如果实际出资人是与名义股东签订的代持股协议,在二者之间应适用合同法的原理,如无合同无效情形,则认定协议有效。本文最后介绍了保护隐名股东正当权益的路径――将异议登记制度引入股权领域,并对其意义及合理性进行了简要分析。

The legal issues of dormant investment in the form of ownership is clearly defined, various theories of standards on this issue there is no distinction between the specific circumstances, resulting in a number of procedural problems in judicial practice of dormant shareholder ownership and the high court finds that the standard fuzzy problem of the. This paper combines with the typical cases of the Supreme Court, the distinction between the standards in different circumstances of dormant shareholder ownership. If the actual investor is signed with the company of the dormant investment agreement, the two should be in substantive application in commercial law. If the actual investor is signed with the name of the generation of shareholder shareholding agreement that should be the principle of contract law applies in between the two. If there is no contract invalid, the agreement is valid.At last, this paper introduces the way to protect the legitimate interests of dormant shareholders, introducing the objection registration system into the equity area, and makes a brief analysis of its significance and rationality.