某星载天线结构设计与分析

Structure Design and Analysis of a Space-borne Antenna

天线作为一种能接收和发射电磁波的装置,其性能在很大程度上影响着航天任务的执行效果。文中根据航天器的任务需求以及火箭发射主动段复杂的力学环境、在轨情况下的热真空环境等空间环境条件,设计了一种星载螺旋天线,并分别从结构静强度、动强度和动刚度等方面进行了力学仿真,对基频和安全裕度进行了计算。仿真结果表明产品满足抗力学环境设计要求,且试验件通过了随机振动及热真空环境试验的考核。该天线结构形式简单、可靠,便于制造,有良好的空间环境适应性,尤其是对空间极端的高低温热环境有良好的适应性,对类似星载螺旋天线的结构设计具有指导意义。

The antenna is equipment to receive and transmit electromagnetic waves. Its performance affects greatly the accomplishment of spaceflight assignment. According to the assignment of spaceflight and space environment such as the complicated mechanics condition at the launch stage,thermal vacuum condition in orbit etc.,a new space-borne screw antenna is designed. Its mechanics analysis is carried out from static strength,dynamic strength and stiffness of structure and the fundamental frequency and safety margin are calculated. The result shows that the antenna structure fully satisfies the requirements of mechanics environment. The sample has passed the random vibration test and thermal vacuum environment test. The antenna structure is simple,reliable,convenient to manufacture and has good adaptability for space environment,especially the extreme thermal environment. It can be used as guidance for the structure design of similar space-borne screw antenna.