蚌埠市不同供水类型饮用水水碘调查分析

Investigation and analysis of drinking water iodine from different types of water supply in Bengbu

目的调查蚌埠市生活饮用水水碘含量及高水碘自然村分布情况,指导科学补碘。方法对蚌埠市三县四区以乡为单位开展饮用水水碘含量第一层次调查。按东南西北中5个方位选取1个行政村测定水碘含量,对水碘含量中位数大于10μg/L的乡镇进行第二层次抽样调查。以行政村为基本单位,对集中供水,仅采1份管网末梢水样;对分散供水的行政村,每村按照东南西北中5个方位各采2份水样;当水源数量少于10个时,采集全部水源水样,采用适合缺碘及高碘地区的水碘检测方法测定每个村的饮水碘含量,参照《水源性高碘地区和高碘病区的划定》标准,确定高水碘行政村。结果第一层次调查共检测水样607份,水碘中位数为11.3μg/L,41个乡镇水碘含量大于10μg/L;第二层次调查共检测水样3 084份,水碘中位数为22.8μg/L。高水碘行政村132个,占17.9%,分散式供水区水碘含量与井深之间呈负相关,r=-0.049,P=0.013(P<0.05);集中式供水区水碘含量与井深之间呈正相关,r=0.542,P=0.000(P<0.05),水碘含量与水井深度有关。结论蚌埠市既存在碘不足地区,又有高碘地区,水碘含量在10~100μg/L的行政村,是否需要补碘,需要进一步研究。

Objective To investigate the water iodine content of drinking water and high iodine village＇s distribution in Bengbu,and give the guidance for scientific iodine supplement. Methods The investigation of first level of iodine content in drinking water was carried out in three counties and four districts of Bengbu. Choosing an administrative village to survey iodine content from five directions,the second level sampling survey was carried out in the villages of a village with a median of water vodime 10 μg/L. Taking the administrative village as the basic unit,to the concentrate water supply villages,only one part of the end of the pipe network; For the dispersed water supply administrative villages,each village shall adopt two water samples according to the five directions; When the waters iodine are less than 10 μg/L,collected all. The iodine content of drinking water in each village was determined by using water iodine detection method suitable for iodine deficiency and high iodine area,and the standard was referred to the demarcation of water source high iodine area and high iodine disease area,determine the high iodine water administrative villages. Results In the first level,607 samples of water samples were detected,the median of water iodine was 11. 3 μg/L,and the iodine content in 41 towns was 〉10 μg/L. In the second level,3084 samples of water samples were detected,and the median of water iodine was 22. 8 μg/L. The number of high water iodine administrative villages was 132,accounting for 17. 9%. The water iodine content in the distributed water supply area was negatively correlated with the depth of the wells. r =-0. 049,P = 0. 013（ P 〈 0. 05）. The water iodine content in the centralized water supply area was positively correlated with the depth of the wells. r = 0. 542,P = 0. 000（ P 〈 0. 05）. Obviously the water iodine content was related to the depth of the well. Conclusion Bengbu city had both iodine deficiency areas and high iodine ones. Some administrative villages were water iodine contents of 10 ~ 100 μg/L,whether they needs to be filled with iodine should further study.