我国中小连锁住宿餐饮企业群体决策中的个人影响力及其作用机制研究

Personal Influence of Group Decision Making and its Effect Mechanism in SME Lodging & Catering Enterprises

我国中小连锁住宿餐饮企业的决策过分注重核心人物作用,企业治理存在较大弹性和随意性,而现有关于群体决策的研究又多将决策团队视为整体,因此对我国酒店的经营管理指导作用不大。基于此,研究了中小连锁住宿餐饮企业群体决策中个人影响力的构成及其作用机制,研究得出:组织结构、人际关系、个体属性是产生个人影响力的内因,规范约束、结盟谈判及事后惩戒起中介作用,团队构成与决策环境则分别是内外部情境因素,起调节作用,并构建了"行为整合—情境—个人影响力模型"。建议在酒店企业内部,除了强调组织规范的绝对权威,还应注重对员工业务能力的培训,提高员工的组织认同,并应注重培养契约精神的企业文化,建立长期的、注重职业化和公平性的现代企业氛围。

In China,many lodging catering enterprises,especially SME overemphasizes on the core figures,and the governance is much flexible and random.However,the present researches about group decision making just regard decision making group as the same and don＇t consider their inner difference.So the domestic hospitality enterprise can＇t get the solutions from the related literature.The paper researched the composition of personal influence and its effect mechanism,and constructed＂behavior system-context-influence power model,BCI model＂.The results showed the following：First,organization structure,interpersonal relationship and individual property are internal causes of personal influence.Second,discipline and punishment,coalition talks are intervening variables.Third,team composition and decision making environment are respectively the internal and external situation factors,which are mediators.Fourth,the job position and resource control degree are the main sources of personal influence.This study can provide countermeasures for modern contract spirit developing and long-term,professional,fair corporate culture building.