基于改进的三段式永磁同步电机启动方法

An Improved 3-step Start-up Method for PMSM

永磁同步电机(Permanent magnet synchronous motor,PMSM)使用位置传感器会增加控制系统的体积和成本,降低系统的稳定性和可靠性,使得PMSM控制系统使用场合受限.而传统的无位置传感器启动方法都是开环启动,这种方式没有准确可靠的位置信息,缺乏动态性能,容易出现启动电流过大、电机反转等问题.本文在分析了相关启动过程的基础上,针对这些问题提出了基于电流幅值变斜率递减的改进的3段式控制方法,实现启动过程平滑,状态切换过程无冲击.实验结果表明:该启动方法使得PMSM能够在带载情况下,实现电机的零速平稳启动,切换过程平滑,控制性能良好.

In permanent magnet synchronous motor system,the use of position sensors may increase the system volume and cost and reduce the system stability and reliability,making the use of the PMSM control system limited.However,the traditional sensorless start-up method is open-loop start,this method doesn＇t have accurate and reliable location information and lacks dynamic performance,which can lead to excessive starting current,the motor reversal and other issues.In this paper,after analysis of related starting process,an improved three stage control method was proposed based on the variable slope decreasing of current amplitude.The improved method could realize the smooth start-up process and no impact in the state switch process.The experimental results verify that the sensorless control method can work reliably with smooth switching process and good control performance in load case.