企业纳税支出粘性研究:基于政府税收征管的视角

Tax Expense Stickiness: Research from the Perspective of Tax Collection of Governments

本文利用中国A股上市公司1999-2014年的数据进行研究,发现我国上市公司存在明显的纳税支出粘性现象,即企业利润减少时纳税支出的减少量小于利润等额增加时纳税支出的增加量。具体而言,当企业税前利润上升1%时,企业当期所得税费用上升0.81%;而当企业税前利润下降1%时,企业当期所得税费用仅下降0.60%。进一步研究发现,上述纳税支出粘性受到地方财政压力、外部治理环境和政治周期的影响,纳税支出粘性在地方财政压力较大、外部治理环境较差的地区以及党代会召开年度更加明显。最后,我们还发现较高的纳税支出粘性会对企业未来的经营产生负面影响,表现为盈利能力下降、市场价值降低。本文的研究表明,企业利润下降时其税收负担并没有相应程度地下降。本文的研究结论丰富了现有税收学术研究,并为我国税收政策制定和执行提供有益借鉴。

Based on data of Chinese listed firms from 1999 to 2014, we find that tax expenses are sticky for Chinese listed firms. That is, the per- centage decrease in tax expenses for a decrease in profit is less than the percentage increase in tax expenses for an equivalent increase in profit. In detail, tax expenses increase on average 0. $1%per l%increase in profit, but decrease only 0.60%per l%decrease in profit. In further study we find that the tax expense stickiness is more pronounced when the government faces a stronger pressure to get financial revenue, in places with worse external governance environment, and during the year when the National People＇s Congress is held. Finally, we find that tax expense stickiness will have a bad influence on future performances of companies. Those companies in provinces with more pronounced tax expense stickiness will have weaker profitability and lower mar- ket value. Our results indicate that companies facing a decrease in profit do not experience an appropriate decrease in tax expenses. This study enriches the research on tax expenses, and provides implications for tax policy making and implementing.