“泛爱”与“兼爱”:柏拉图和墨子思想相似性探析

“Pan-Love” and “Universal Love”: Similarity between Plato's and Mozi's Thought

柏拉图在《理想国》中以压抑和忽视人与生俱来的个人感情为前提,提出其"泛爱"理论,这与墨子在《墨经》中体现出的"兼爱"思想存在着众多相似之处。其不仅体现在二者的思想都是在大动荡的社会背景下产生,且思想中都强调无差别的爱和重视功利目的等方面,也同样体现在其思想不能被当时的主流社会所认同,无法在现实社会中得以实现方面。从政治、伦理、人权和人性、社会学等视角,对柏拉图"泛爱"理论和墨子"兼爱"思想相通之处进行分析,对当代中国社会发展具有重要的借鉴意义。

Plato proposed his＂pan-love＂theory under the precondition of suppressing and neglecting innate personal feelings in The Republic,which is similar to Mozi＇s thought of ＂universal love＂embodied in Mohist Canon. It is not only reflected in the fact that both of them are produced under the background of big turbulence,and the emphasis on the indiscriminate love in the thought and the purpose of utilitarianism. It is also reflected in the fact that their thinking can not be recognized by the prevailing mainstream society and can not be achieved in the real world.From the perspective of politics,ethics,human rights and human nature,sociology and other perspectives,this article analyzes the similarities between Plato＇s ＂Pan-love＂theory and Mozi＇s ＂universal love＂ideology,which is of great significance to the contemporary Chinese social development.