柳宗元《永州八记》山水中的迁客情怀

The Sentiments in The Eight Travel Notes of Liu Zongyuan

中国山水文学在《诗经》《楚辞》中就出现了描摹山水的文字,魏晋南北朝时期有了进一步发展,山水游记开始出现。到了柳宗元的《永州八记》,形成较为成熟的山水散文。不同于唐前的山水文学只是对山水物象进行浅层次的外观之美的描摹,《永州八记》中的景物描写寄托着浓烈的情思,使山水人格化、感情化,带有明显的"天人合一"的色彩。山水石头、嘉木修竹都含有迁客被弃,永远秉持高贵节操的象征意义,这组山水游记将中国山水文学的创作推到一个前所未有的高度。

The descriptions of the landscapes have emerged in The Book of Songs,The Songs of Chu,which were further developed into the travel notes in the Wei,Jin,Southern and Northern Dynasties.The Eight Travel Notes were essays on travel,written by Liu Zongyuan,expressing his sentiments with the finest touch between the lines,which were quite different from the superficial descriptions in the literature before Tang Dynasty.The landscapes were personified,endowed with emotions,symbolizing the harmony between human and nature.The noble spirit of the writer was kept intact even in his degradation and disfavor.These essays were the climax of the landscape literature in Chinese history.