贵族形象的陷落——《亨利四世(上)》与《三姐妹》比较研究

The Decline of the Aristocrats:A Comparative Research on Henry Ⅳ,Part Ⅰ and Three Sisters

莎士比亚的《亨利四世(上)》和契诃夫的《三姐妹》同样描述了贵族阶级身陷平民环境的一种境况,然而在两部剧作中哈利王子和依里娜却走向了不同的结局,贵族出身的戏剧主人公的命运也因此表达了剧作家不同的意涵。从历史背景、审美文化背景和作家本人价值观三个方面对两部作品进行类比,能够辨析莎士比亚与契诃夫在人物形象塑造、文体选择和哲学思考上的异同。将两部作品放置在欧洲文学史的大框架中,可以印证悲剧主人公在地位和行动力上的衰退。

The aristocrats stuck in the degrading plights were described in Shakespeare＇s Henry Ⅳ,Part Ⅰ and Chekhov＇s Three Sisters.Their different fates symbolize the two playwrights＇views on life.The comparison between the two works from the perspectives of history,aesthetics and values reveals the difference between the two playwrights with respect to their characterization,style and philosophy.The decline of the status and capability of the aristocrats is obvious as they are considered from the perspective of the history of European literature.