生命早期人体微生物组与宿主的相互影响

Host-microorganism interactions in early life

近年来，科学家对人体微生物的研究愈发深入。研究发现体内微生物影响着宿主的消化系统、神经系统、免疫系统等多个系统的功能，潜移默化中改变着人体的生长发育和疾病转归。本文总结了国内外生命早期肠道微生态的研究结果，提示从妊娠早期到2岁是人类一生肠道菌群定植的关键时期，深入了解和探讨这段时间菌群定植的影响因素至关重要。

In recent years, research on human microbiota has become more and more in-depth. It has been found that microorganisms in human body affect the functions of the host＇s digestive, nervous, immune and many other systems, imperceptibly changing the growth and development of human beings and disease progression. This review summarized the results of research on intestinal microbiota in early life, suggesting that the period from early pregnancy to two years old is a critical period for the colonization of human gut microbiota. It is vital to understand and investigate the factors influencing bacterial colonization at this time.