泌尿外科患者发生医院感染的危险因素及护理对策分析

Investigation analysis on risk factors and nursing strategies of hospital infection of urinary surgery patients

目的分析泌尿外科患者医院感染的特点及其危险因素,为预防医院感染提出护理对策。方法对480例泌尿外科患者进行回顾性调查分析,依据是否发生医院感染分为感染组(46例)和未感染组(434例);分析医院感染率和感染分布特点,采用单因素分析和多因素分析筛选影响泌尿外科患者医院感染的相关危险因素。结果泌尿外科患者医院感染发生率为9.58%(46/480),主要发生于泌尿系统、生殖系统、手术切口等;多因素分析显示,年龄(OR=2.364)、合并基础疾病(OR=8.009)、既往尿路感染(OR=6.661)、侵入性操作(OR=2.946)、留置导尿管(OR=3.010)、无抗菌药物预防(OR=3.661)等因素为医院感染的危险因素。结论泌尿外科患者的医院感染发生率居高不下,应针对医院感染的高危因素采取必要的护理干预措施,降低泌尿外科患者医院感染率。

Objective To analyze the characteristics and risk factors of hospital infection of urinary surgery patients,and to provide nursing strategies for preventing hospital infection. Methods Totally 480 urinary surgery patients were retrospectively investigated,and they were divided into infection group（ 46 cases） and non-infection group（ 434 cases） according to whether or not with hospital infection. The incidence rate and distribution characteristics were analyzed,and correlated risk factors of hospital infection of urinary surgery patients were screened by single factor and multiple factors methods. Results The incidence rate of hospital infection of urinary surgery patients was 9.58%（ 46/480）,mainly by urinary system,genital system and operative incision. Multiple factors analysis results showed that the factors of age（ OR = 2. 364）,complication of basic disease（ OR= 8.009）,past urinary tract infection（ OR= 6.661）,invasive procedure（ OR = 2.946）,indwelling catheter（ OR = 3.010）and without antimicrobial prophylaxis（ OR = 3.661） were the risk factors of hospital infection of urinary surgery patients. Conclusion The incidence rate of hospital infection in urinary surgery stay in a high position without going down. We should adopt essential nursing intervention measures to aim directly at these risk factors of hospital infection,in order to cut down the rate of hospital infection of urinary surgery patients.