四川省绵阳地区健康儿童维生素A,D和E营养水平的分析研究

Study on the Nutritional Levels of Fat-Soluble Vitamin A,D and E in Healthy Children in Mianyang of Sichuan Provunce

目的了解四川省绵阳地区1~16岁健康儿童维生素A,25-羟基维生素D[(25-(OH)D)]和维生素E水平。方法以2017年1~12月在绵阳市中心医院儿保门诊接受健康体检的750例健康儿童作为研究对象,按年龄分为3组:婴幼儿1~3岁481例,学龄前(3~6岁)儿童132例,青少年(6~16岁)137例,采用液相色谱串联质谱(LC-MS/MS)法检测血清维生素A,25-(OH)D和维生素E水平。结果血清维生素A,25-(OH)D和维生素E平均水平分别为0.45±0.25mg/L,27.27±11.38ng/mL及9.18±5.75mg/L。血清维生素A水平无年龄差异(χ~2=1.002,P=0.606),血清25-(OH)D水平(χ~2=6.843,P=0.033)与维生素E水平(χ~2=14.922,P=0.001)在不同年龄组差异有统计学意义。维生素A构成比在年龄上差异有统计学意义(χ~2=35.471,P<0.01),在各年龄组中均存在过量情况,且随着年龄增长呈增加趋势;血清25-(OH)D构成比在年龄上差异有统计学意义(χ~2=20.900,P<0.01),其缺乏率和不足率随着儿童年龄增长呈增加趋势;维生素E构成比无年龄差异(χ~2=7.054,P=0.133),其在各年龄组缺乏率与不足率均较明显,其中学龄前组总体缺乏最为严重,达74.2%。结论四川省绵阳地区1~16岁健康儿童维生素A,25-(OH)D和维生素E的营养状况不容乐观,应提高对脂溶性维生素的监测、预防意识,增加富含维生素A,25-(OH)D和维生素E的食物摄入,必要时在医生指导下及时补充维生素制剂。

Objective To investigate the serum levels of vitamin A,25-hydroxy vitamin D [25-（OH）D],viyamin E levels in healthy children aged 1~16 years in Mianyang,Sichuan province. Methods From January to December 2017 in the Outpa- tient Department of Mianyang Central Hospital, 750 healthy children health examination were chosed as the research object group. They were divided into 3 groups according to age：infants aged 1 ~ 3 years 481 cases, preschool children （3 ~ 6 years old） 132 children and teenagers （6~16 years old） 137 cases. Their serum vitamin A,25-（OH）D and vitamin E levels were measured by Liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry （LC MS/MS）. Results The vitamin A,25-（OH）D,vitamin E in serum was 0. 45±0. 25 mg/L,27. 27±11. 38 ng/ml and 9.18±5.75 mg/L. Stratified analysis showed serum levels of different age had no. difference （x^2 =1. 002,P=0. 606） ,The differences of serum 25-（OH）D （x^2 =6. 843,P=0. 033） and vitamin E （x^2 =14. 922 ,P=0. 001） were statistically significant. The ratio of vitamin A composition was statistically signifi- cant in age （x^2 =35. 471 ,P〈0. 01）. There was an overdose in all age groups and increased with age. The ratio of 25-（OH）D in serum was statistically significant （x^2 = 20. 900 ,P〈0. 01） ,as the age of children grew, the rate of deficiency and insuffi- ciency showed an increasing trend. There was no age difference in vitamin E constituent ratio （x^2= 7. 054, P= 0. 133）, and the deficiency and insufficiency rate of each age group were more obvious. Among them, the age group 3 ~ 6 years old was the most serious,reaching 74.2%. Conclusion The nutritional status of vitamin A,25-（OH）D and vitamin E in 1~ 16 years old children in Mianyang of Sichuan is not optimistic. It is necessary to improve the monitoring of fat-soluble vitamins and improve the awareness of prevention. And increase the intake of foods rich in vitamin A, 25-（OH）D, vitamin E, supplementa- tion of vitamin preparations in time under the guidance of a doctor.