从布尔迪厄习性理论看摩尔的悲剧命运

An Analysis on Moll's Tragedy Based upon Bourdieu's Theory of Habitus

笛福的小说《摩尔·弗兰德斯》讲述了女主人公摩尔一生坎坷的悲剧命运。表面上看来,摩尔的悲剧命运是社会黑暗面的产物,但实际上,摩尔个人的习性也是造成其悲剧的原因。结合布尔迪厄的习性理论分析摩尔的悲剧命运可以看出:摩尔的习性及其对自身位置的认同和误识让她只能在下层阶级的圈子奋斗,永远也跳不出堕落的怪圈。通过这部作品,笛福既批判了当时社会的黑暗,又暗示了习性对下层人民命运的影响。

Defoe＇s novel Moll Flanders is a story about the protagonist Moll＇s tragedy.It seems that Moll＇s tragedy is caused by the dark society.Actually,Moll＇s habitual nature should also be responsible for her tragedy.The analysis based upon Bourdieu＇s Theory of Habitus on Moll＇s tragedy reveals that Moll＇s self-identity and misunderstanding of her own position as well as her habitual nature necessarily lead to her struggle in the lower class.Defoe not only criticizes the dark society but implies the influence of the habitual nature on the fate of the lower class as well.