易卜生与世界文学:《玩偶之家》在中国的传播、改编与接受研究

Ibsen and World Literature: The Dissemination,Adaption and Reception of A Doll's House in China

1918年出版的《新青年》杂志"易卜生专号"发表了罗家伦和胡适翻译的第一个《玩偶之家》中文译本。百年来,《玩偶之家》在中国的传播、改编和接受时间跨度大,涉及面广,研究资料也极为丰富。本文从世界文学在地化的视角出发,将百年来《玩偶之家》在中国的接受过程分成三个重要阶段,结合对于少数几个有代表性的《玩偶之家》改编和演出的分析,重点讨论以下几个问题:娜拉在中国的传播和接受经历过哪些重大的变化?与不同时期的社会、政治与文化有什么样的关联性?对于我们思考中外戏剧与文学关系、世界文学与文化全球化有什么重要的启发性?本文认为,娜拉的中国化丰富了易卜生作为世界文学的蕴涵。

In 1918, the first Chinese version of A Doll＇s House translated by Luo Jialun and Hu Shi was published in＂Ibsen Issue＂of the New Youth magazine. After a century, the dissemination, adaptation and reception of A Doll＇s House in China is a research question characterized by long time span, a wide audience and abundant materials. From the perspective of localizing world literature, this essay divides the reception of A Doll＇s House in China into three important stages. Through a careful analysis of some representative adaptations and performances of the play, the following questions will be mainly discussed： what are the radical changes in the dissemination and reception of Nora in China？ What have caused those changes, socially, politically and culturally？ How do they enable us to reflect on the relationship between drama and literature in China and abroad, world literature and cultural globalization？ It is argued that the Sinification of Nora enhances the significance of Ibsen as world literature.