2016年新疆疑似预防接种异常反应监测与处置

Surveillance and disposal of AEFI cases in Xinjiang in 2016

目的分析2016年新疆疑似预防接种异常反应(AEFI)的分布特征,评价AEFI监测系统的运转情况。方法通过AEFI监测系统收集2016年1月1日—12月31日新疆上报并审核通过的所有AEFI个案,采用描述流行病学方法分析数据。结果 2016年新疆共报告AEFI病例4 082例,报告发生率为47.59/10万剂;全疆96个县(市、区)有79个报告了病例,报告比例为82.29%,48 h内报告率95.67%,48 h内调查率80.00%;男、女发生性别比为1.19:1,以国家免疫规划程序内儿童为主、占98.04%;乌鲁木齐市报告病例占全疆病例总数的88.17%;不良反应主要为一般反应,临床上以发热、红肿和硬结为主要症状,仅报告1例临床诊断为过敏性紫癜的异常反应病例;婴儿死亡1例,为预防接种后偶合反应。结论新疆AEFI报告发生率均在预期发生范围内,AEFI监测系统的敏感性较2015年有较大提高,但各地区报告差异仍较大。

Objective To analyze the distributive characteristics of suspected abnormal vaccination response（AEFI） in Xinjiang in 2016, and evaluate the operation of AEFI surveillance system. Methods From January 1 st to December 31 st,2016, all AEFI cases reported and audited in the AEFI surveillance system were collected and analyzed by descriptive epidemiology. Results In 2016, there were 4 082 AEFI cases reported in Xinjiang with total reported incidence of 47.59 per100 000 doses. There were 79 counties reported AEFI among all 96 counties（districts and cities） with reported proportion of82.29%, reported rate of 95.67% within 48 h and investigation rate of 80.00% within 48 h. The ratio of the male to female of AEFI was 1.19： 1. Children in the National Immunization Program was the main group of AEFI. The cases reported in Urumqi city accounted for 88.17% of all reported cases in Xinjiang. The adverse reaction were mainly general reaction, fever, redness and swelling. There was only 1 case reported clinically allergic purpura and 1 infant case was dead of coupling reaction after vaccination. Conclusions The reported AEFI incidence in Xinjiang is in the expectant range. The sensitivity of AEFI surveillance is higher than that in 2015, the difference in report is great amoung counties and prefectures.