中国竞争政策的回顾与展望

Review and Prospect of China's Competition Policy

在市场经济的背景下,竞争政策的定义指向明确且更具有实质意义。当判断竞争政策在经济政策体系中处于何种地位时,要结合具体经济制度、经济发展阶段、其对经济制度设计、制定和发展的反作用以及与其它政策相协调等多个角度考察。回看我国竞争政策发展历程,1978-2008年、2008-2016年两个阶段分别诞生了《反垄断法》和公平竞争审查制度两大竞争政策工具。2016年国务院正式下发了《关于在市场体系建设中建立公平竞争审查制度的意见》,规定了公平竞争审查制度的主要内容,包括审查对象、方式、标准、例外规定以及保障措施。我们有理由相信,竞争政策在中国将很快实现其基础性地位,并作为经济政策体系中的优先政策,引领中国经济持续健康发展。

In the context of the market economy, the definition of competition policy ismore clear and has more substantive meaning. When judging the status of competition policy in the economic policy system, we must inspect it from different perspectives, combining the specifc economic systems, the stages of economic development, the reaction of competition policy on the design, formulation and development of economic systems, and the coordination with other policies, etc.. Looking back at the course of development of China＇s competition policy, the two major competition policy tools of ＂Anti-Monopoly Law＂ and fair competition review system were born in 1978-2008 and 2008-2016 respectively. In 2016, the State Council officially issued the Opinions on Establishing a Fair Competition Review System in the Construction of the Market System, which stipulated the main contents of the fair competition review system, including the objects, methods, standards, exceptions and safeguard measures. We have reason to believe with optimism that competition policy will soon realize its foundational position and serve as a priority in the economic policy system to lead the sustained and healthy development of China＇s economy.