发挥水价杠杆作用推进精准节水

Exploring leverage roles of water pricing for precise water saving

针对我国目前农业和生活用水存在节水潜力的现状,以及农业水价和生活水价存在提升的可能性,指出制定合理的农业水价阈值与范围并出台相应的补贴政策等是推进农业节水的重要途径。依据水费支出与收入之间的关系,给出我国东、中、西部以及京津冀地区生活水价提升的空间范围,并指出应有区别地提高生活水价,以逐渐达到节水型用水标准,促进生活节水。建议多水源地区的节水还应包括再生水水价、南水北调水价的合理确定,水资源短缺地区可引入季节性水价,以缓解缺水季节部门之间的竞争性用水。

Considering the potential of water saving from agricultural and domestic water use in China and possibilities of water tariff increase, it is suggested to define reasonable thresholds for agricultural water tariff as well as its scope,and also make policies for providing subsidy to agricultural water saving. With evaluation of relationship between water charges and income, examinations are made on the potentiality of water tariff increase in eastern, middle and western parts of China and Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei region, so as to increase tariff for domestic water use, and meet watersaving standard for water conservation. It is also suggested to regulate the water charges for recycled water and diverted water of South-to-North project, and introduce seasonal water tariff in water shortage areas, so as to alleviate competitive water use in different sectors in the water scarcity period.