83例小儿急性下呼吸道感染的病原学检测及其分析

Etiological Detection and Analysis of 83 Children with Acute Lower Respiratory Tract Infection

目的:分析小儿急性下呼吸道感染的病原学的检测结果,为其临床治疗提供重要参考。方法:选取2015年3月-2017年12月本院收治的急性下呼吸道感染患儿83例为研究对象,均取呼吸道分泌物,行病原学鉴定、药敏试验,得出检测结果后进行系统分析。结果:3个月≤患儿年龄<5岁下呼吸道感染病原阳性率为72.58%,高于5岁以上患儿的23.81%,比较差异有统计学意义(X^2=15.579,P=0.000);下呼吸道感染患儿病原菌最为常见的是肺炎克雷伯菌,其次为肺炎链球菌、大肠埃希菌;小儿急性下呼吸道感染临床常用治疗药物主要选择头孢类药物;病毒学检测结果发现,3岁以下的患儿最常见感染病毒为感染呼吸道合胞病毒。结论:小儿急性下呼吸道感染通过病毒学、细菌学及细菌药敏试验等方面的检测,为下呼吸道感染临床诊断治疗提供重要的参考,从而促进患儿及早康复。

Objective：To analyze the etiological detection results of acute lower respiratory tract infection in children and to provide important reference for its clinical treatment.Method：A total of 83 children with acute lower respiratory tract infection admitted to our hospital from March 2015 to December 2017 were selected as the subjects.Respiratory secretions were taken for etiological identification and drug sensitivity test.After that,the results were analyzed systematically.Result：The positive rate of lower respiratory tract infection was 72.58% in 3 months≤children5 years old,which was higher than 23.81% in children over 5 years old,the difference was statistically significant（ χ^2=15.579,P=0.000）.The most common pathogen of lower respiratory tract infection was Klebsiella pneumoniae,followed by Streptococcus pneumoniae and Escherichia coli.The most commonly used drugs for children with acute lower respiratory tract infections was Cephalosporins.Virological detection showed that the most common infection virus in children under 3 years old was respiratory syncytial virus infection.Conclusion：The detection of acute lower respiratory tract infection in children through virology,bacteriology and bacterial susceptibility testing can help to provide an important reference for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of lower respiratory tract infection,so as to promote the early recovery of children.