耐久试验后车用催化剂的研究与分析

Research and Analysis of Vehicle Catalyst after Durability Test

选取国V轻型汽油车的6个车型共计18套催化剂载体,考察各车型催化剂耐久前后贵金属含量及成分的变化。发现耐久后,贵金属含量大幅降低,催化剂各成分有所损失,但锰元素和锌元素增加,考虑是由于汽油中的含锰抗爆剂及润滑油中的锌影响。结合对2个车型耐久前后的排放污染物数值的分析,得出结论:随着催化剂贵金属含量的损失以及锰、锌等元素对催化剂的不良影响,催化剂的净化效果会越来越差,最终导致排放不达标。需要改进催化剂的工艺并且提升油品质量,以达到更加严格的国VI排放标准。

Eighteen catalyst carriers of six V light gasoline vehicles were selected and the changes in the content and composition of the precious metals before and after durability of each type of vehicle were investigated. The content of precious metals and other catalytic components were dropped after durability test,but manganese and zinc had increased. Consideration was due to the influence of manganese in the gasoline and the zinc in the lubricating oil. Combined with the analysis of the emission pollutants before and after durability of the 2 cars,the results are as follows： with the loss of precious metals content and the harmful effects of manganese and zinc on the catalyst,the purification effect of catalyst will be worse and worse,which will eventually lead to the failure of emission. It is necessary to improve the process of the catalyst and to improve the quality of the oil to achieve a more stringent national VI emission standard.