俄罗斯西伯利亚典型土坝结构稳定监测与分析

Stability monitoring and analysis of typical earth dams in Siberia,Russia

坝体稳定性研究对于土坝的安全运行十分重要,也对国家经济建设的发展具有重大意义。通过对西伯利亚高寒区典型土坝稳定性相关参数的监测与分析,指出:(1)夏季水库排水后,土坝上游淹没区河浸水边界线之上的区域经历了浸水与干燥,因此坝体表面发生干缩变形而出现干缩裂缝;(2)低温条件下,坝体在冷却期间会发生收缩冻结,因而产生霜冻裂缝进而降低坝体稳定性;(3)坝体发生形变由复杂的温度和湿度梯度所引起,相同的温(湿)度参数下的热膨胀系数在很大程度上取决于颗粒组成和湿度。针对多年冻土地区坝体结构存在的问题,提出了相应措施来提高坝体结构稳定性,可为我国从事寒区水利科学的相关科研、设计及施工人员提供参考。

The study of dam stability is very important for the safe operation of earth dams and is also of great significance for the development of national economic construction.Through the monitoring and analysis of the relevant parameters of the stability of the earth dam in the Siberian high-cold area,Point out：（1）After the reservoir was drained in summer,the area above the river inundation boundary line in the inundated area of the earth dam experienced inundation and drying,so the surface of the dam body shrivelled and contracted.（2）Under low temperature conditions,the dam will freeze and contract during cooling,resulting in frost cracks and reduced dam stability.（3）Deformation of the dam body is caused by complex temperature and humidity gradients,and the coefficient of thermal expansion at the same temperature（wetness）parameter depends to a large extent on the particle composition and humidity.In view of the existing problems in the dam structure in permafrost regions,corresponding measures are proposed to improve the stability of the dam structure,which can provide reference for related scientific research,design and construction personnel engaged in hydraulic science in cold regions.