陈年茯砖茶多酚类对老年人肠道菌群的影响研究

Effects of Polyphenols of Old Fu Brick Tea on the Elderly Intestinal Flora

为了揭示陈年茯砖茶多酚类对老年人肠道菌群多样性及结构的影响,从陈放1年及7年的茯砖茶中提取、纯化茶多酚,将等量茶多酚的提取物分别加入含有65岁老年人的肠道菌群混合培养基中进行体外静态厌氧培养,在0 h、4 h、8 h、12 h及24 h时对7年陈茶多酚组(O组)、1年陈茶多酚组(N组)及空白组(B组)进行茶多酚和短链脂肪酸(SCFAs)的含量测定,并进行肠道菌群的高通量测序,对测序结果进行生物信息学分析。结果显示,7年陈茯砖茶的茶多酚类在与老年人肠道菌群的体外互作下,SCFAs的含量较对照组显著提高,老年人肠道菌群的丰度及多样性水平也有所提升。在4 h及12 h时,能明显降低埃希氏菌属(Escherichia)及γ-变形菌纲_B38(γ-Proteobacteria_B38)的相对丰度,同时提高拟杆菌属(Bacteroides)、双歧杆菌属(Bifidobacterium)及普拉梭菌属(Faecalibacterium)的相对丰度。研究表明,7年陈茯砖茶的茶多酚类比1年陈茯砖茶的茶多酚类更有益于改善老年人的肠道菌群结构,在老年人的营养保健方面更具潜在的价值。

To reveal the influences of tea polyphenols of old Fu brick teas on the diversity and composition of intestinal microflora in the elderly, the tea polyphenols were extracted and purified from Fu brick teas stored for 1 year and 7 years, and the isometric tea polyphenol extracts were added into the mixed medium of intestinal flora of elderly men（65 years） for the anaerobic static culture in vitro. The contents of tea polyphenols and short chain fatty acids（SCFAs）of the seven years＇ tea group（O group）, one year＇s tea group（N group） and the blank group（B group） were determined at 0 h, 4 h, 8 h, 12 h and 24 h. High-throughput sequencing of intestinal flora and relative bioinformatics analysis were also performed. The results showed that the polyphenols of seven years＇ Fu brick tea had better effects on the increase of SCFA contents, the abundance and diversity of the intestinal flora of the elderly as compared with the control. The relative abundance of Escherichia and γ-Proteobacteria_B38 at 4 h and 12 h were significantly reduced, and the relative abundance of Bacteroides, Bifidobacterium and Faecalibacterium were also increased in O group. The above results showed that the tea polyphenol of seven years＇ Fu brick tea is more beneficial to the improvement of intestinal microflora in the elderly, which was of a high potential value to the health of elderly.