不同主体视角下农地流转的风险识别及评价研究——基于上海涉农郊区的调研

RISKS IDENTIFICATION AND EVALUATION OF FARMLAND TRANSFER IN THE PERSPECTIVE OF DIFFERENT SUBJECTS——BASED ON INVESTIGATION OF SHANGHAI SUBURB

[目的]文章界定了农地流转的核心主体为农地流入方、农地流出方及村委会,从农地流转中不同主体的视角出发,对农地流转的风险进行识别和评价。[方法]对农地流出方和农地流入方的风险采取问卷调查的研究方法,对村委会风险采用访谈法。[结果]识别出上海涉农郊区农地流出方主要面临"失地"风险、契约风险、收益分配不合理风险、政策信息传递不充分风险;农地流入方面临政策风险、流转期限风险、自然风险、技术设备风险、市场风险;村委会面临管理风险和履约风险,由此构建不同主体农地流转的风险清单。在此基础上,运用风险矩阵法和模糊综合评价法对上海涉农区域农地流转风险进行评价。[结论]农地流出方的风险等级较高(69.9),农地流入方的风险等级很高(81.9),村委会的风险一般(52.5)。最后,根据农地流出方、流入方和村委会面临的不同风险情况,提出具有针对性的对策和建议。

Aiming at identifying and evaluating the risks in farmland transferring,this paper defined the primary subjects in farmland transfer as transferors,transferees and villagers＇ commission. Adopting investigation method including questionnaire survey and interview,it recognized farmland transfer risks from the perspective of different subjects,then the paper used risk matrix method and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method to evaluate risk degree for each subject. The results showed that the transferors mainly faced land-losing risk,contract risk,unreasonable income distribution risk and inadequate policy information risk. And the transferees suffered from policy risk,duration risk,natural risk,technology risk and market risk. As for the village committee,management risk and performance risk cannot be ignored. Based on the risks identification,a risk list was formed. The farmland transferors＇ risks were in the level of ＂ higher＂ with a score of 69. 9,while transferees＇ risks are in the level of ＂ very higher＂ which scored 81. 9,for the village committee＇s risks,it was in the level of ＂ average＂ with a score of 52. 5. Finally,some suggestions and specific countermeasures were proposed to deal with these kinds of risks for different farmland transfer subjects.