基层政府权责配置与农村垃圾治理的实践——以桂北M镇“清洁乡村”治理项目为例

Practice of Grassroots Government Power Allocation and Rural Waste Management: A Case Study on the Management of “Clean Villages” Item in Town M of North Guangxi Province

近年来,农村的生活垃圾污染问题呈现出明显的失控之势而治理成效却不尽如人意。作为农村垃圾治理重要主体的农村基层环境保护管理组织,在中国行政体制权责配置中面临着"权轻责重"的困境:基层政府环境治理的自主决策空间与资源支配能力被大大压缩,同时还需要承担较多的来自上级的治理任务,强化了单一中心的、压力型的以及程式化的治理模式,使得技术导向、程序严密的"项目制"环境治理模式在实践中丧失自主性、灵活性与科学性,演变为压力型的"运动式"治理,制约了农村垃圾治理的成效。

In recent years,the problem of domestic garbage pollution in rural areas has apparently been out of control and the effectiveness of governance has not been satisfactory. The rural primary environmental protection management organization,which is an important part of rural garbage management,faces the dilemma of ″weak right with strong responsibility″ in the allocation of power and responsibility of the Chinese administrative system： the grassroots governments＇ autonomous decision-making freedom and resource allocation right in environmental governance are greatly reduced. On the other hand,they need to take on more governance tasks from superiors,and strengthen single-centered,pressure-based and stylized governance models. This leads to a lack of autonomy and flexibility in technology-oriented and rigorous ″projectbased″ environmental governance models,which evolved into a pressure-based and ″campaign-based″ governance that constrains the effectiveness of rural waste management.