高产奶牛产后卵巢静止血液临床病理学变化及其预警评估

Blood clinical pathology and warning assessment of inactive ovary postpartum in high-producing dairy cows

选择黑龙江省2个牛场高产奶牛，在产后60-90d调查卵巢静止，检测发情和卵巢静止奶牛生殖激素，能量代谢，肝功能和矿物质等指标，通过Pearson相关分析、二元Logistic分析和ROC分析对牛场产后卵巢静止进行预警评估。结果显示：2个牛场（Ⅰ，Ⅱ）卵巢静止发病率分别为29．5％，47．2％，主要由于产后早期能量负平衡。2个牛场卵巢静止组与发情组相比，血浆中β-羟丁酸（BHBA）、游离脂肪酸（NEFA）和门冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）均显著的升高。牛场Ⅰ，当产后60-90d奶牛血浆中BHBA〉0．94mmol／L、NEFA〉0．56mmol／L、AST〉95．5U／L时；牛场Ⅱ，当奶牛产后60-90d血浆中BHBA〉1．00mmol／L、NEFA〉0．585mmol／L、AST〉103．5U／L时；奶牛患卵巢静止的风险增高。结果表明，奶牛产后发生的能量负平衡可扰乱奶牛发情周期的生殖激素分泌，是引起2个牛场奶牛产后卵巢静止的主要病因。奶牛泌乳早期血浆中NEFA、BHBA和AST等指标可用于产后卵巢静止的风险预警。

Postpartum inactive ovary is an important disease affecting the reproductive efficiency of dairy cows. In this study,two intensive farms（Ⅰ, Ⅱ）from Heilongjiang province were selected to investigate incidence of inactive ovary（IO）,and measure reproductive hormones,liver function and mineral index of dairy cows with estrous（E） and IO at 60-90 d postpartum. Meanwhile early warning and assessment of postpartum IO from two dairy farms were established by Pearson correla tion analysis,logistic analysis and ROC analysis. Results showed that IO incidence of IO from two dairy farms（Ⅰ, Ⅱ） were 29.5% and 47.2% respecively,which mainly resulted from negative energy balance postpartum. Plasma level of BHBA, NEFA and AST increased significantly in two groups of dairy cows from two farms. When Farm Ⅰ or Farm Ⅱ plasma level of BHBA was more than 0.94 mmol/L or 1.00 mmol/L,NEFA more than 0.56 mmol/L or 0. 585 mmol/L,and AST more than 95.5 U/L or 103. 5 U/L at 60-90 d postpartum respectively, risk of inactive ovary of two farms significantly increased. The negative energy balance may disturb the estrous cycle of dairy cow by affecting reproductive hormones secretion postpartum,which becomes main cause of inactive ovary. Plasma level of NEFA,BHBA and AST in dairy cows may be used to predict risk of inactive ovary during early lactation.