Wnt/β-catenin信号通路对正畸牙根吸收后修复作用的研究

Effect of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway on the repair of orthodontic root resorption

目的:初步探讨Wnt/β-catenin信号通路对移动性牙根吸收修复的作用。方法:(1)通过施加过大正畸力建立炎症性牙根吸收大鼠模型,将大鼠随机分为3组,每组10只:牙周膜局部注射氯化锂激活Wnt/β-catenin信号通路组(LiCl组),牙周膜局部注射Dickkopf相关蛋白1抑制Wnt/β-catenin信号通路组(DKK1组)和对照组,并通过Micro-CT扫描对比各组牙根表面陷窝体积变化。(2)完成扫描后,3组分别随机处死大鼠,并采用免疫组化法分别检测各组大鼠牙周组织中Wnt/β-catenin信号通路的支架蛋白Axin2、胞内β-连锁蛋白β-catenin、重组人骨形态发生蛋白(recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2,BMP-2)、牙骨质附着蛋白(cementum-derived attachment protein,CAP)和骨唾液酸蛋白(bone sialoprotein,BSP)的表达量。结果:(1)在修复0 d时,牙根表面陷窝体积的修复量差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。2周后LiCl组和对照组的牙根修复体积分数增加明显,仅DKK1组的相应指标出现了减少,3组数据指标变化明显,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。(2)免疫组化结果显示:在修复0 d时,3组各项检测因子表达量无明显差异;修复3 d时,3组中BMP-2、BSP和CAP的变化量均差异明显(P<0.05),LiCl组和DKK1组的β-catenin出现明显差别(P<0.05);修复第7天后,LiCl组各项检测因子均明显高于DKK1组和对照组(P<0.05)。结论:Wnt/β-catenin信号通路通过调节成骨相关因子Axin2、β-catenin、BMP-2、BSP和CAP的表达,能加快牙根表面吸收陷窝的恢复,加快大鼠移动性牙根吸收后的修复过程。

Objective：To investigate the clinical efficacy of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in the repair of movable root resorption.Methods：（1）The rat model of inflammatory root absorption was established by exerting large orthodontic force,and the research objects were randomly divided into the LiCl group,the DKK1 group and the control group,with 10 rats in each group. Each root surface lacuna volume change and the changes of bone mineral density were compared by Micro-CT scanning.（2）After scanning,the rats in three groups were randomly executed,and the expression of Axin2,beta-catenin,BMP-2,BSP and CAP in the periodontal tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry. Results：（1）In 0 day of repair,the lacunar volume difference of root surface was of no statistical significance（P〉0.05）. After 2 weeks,the repaired volume of root in LiCl group and control group increased significantly（P〈0.05）,while that of the DKK1 group decreased. The indicators of the three groups changed obviously and the differences were significant（P〈0.05）.（2）In 0 day of repair,the positive expression levels of Axin2,β-catenin,BMP-2,BSP,and CAP in the three groups had no obvious difference（P〈0.05）. On the 3 rd day of repair,the expression levels of BMP-2,BSP,and CAP in the three groups had significant difference,and the β-catenin expressions in LiCl group and DKK1 group were significantly different（P〈0.05）. Seven days after repair,the expression levels of Axin2,β-catenin,and BMP-2 BSP and CAP in the LiCl group were statistically higher than those of the DKK1 group and control group（P〈0.05）. Conclusion：Through regulating the expressions of Axin2,β-catenin,BMP-2,BSP and CAP,the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway can accelerate the root resorption lacunaes volume to promote the recovery of trabecular bone structure,and accelerate the repair of moving tooth root resorption in rats.