体质健康大数据驱动的体育分层教学改革思路探析

Research on hierarchical teaching reform of PE driven by physique health big-data

当前我国体育教学往往采用一刀切的教学内容和教学方法,忽视了学生体质健康的个体差异。分层教学为因材施教提供了可能,但是现有的体育分层教学研究和实践主要以体育成绩和运动技能作为分层依据,对学生体质健康问题缺乏考量。分析表明,体质健康大数据不仅可以为学生分层提供事实依据,还能够为预防运动风险和体育教学评价提供有效手段,成为学校体育分层教学的有力支撑。以"健康第一"为指导思想,以分层教学、数据驱动和运动处方为理论依据,基于研究团队的体育教学改革经验,提出了体质健康大数据驱动的体育分层教学改革框架,为不同层次的学生提供强针对性的体育教学方案,提高学生健康促进的精准性与科学性;不仅可以促进不同层次学生体质健康的全面发展,而且可以加强学生的运动风险管理,为学校体育教学改革提供了新思路。

Currently,the PE（ physical education） class,more often than not,adopts the ＂ one size fits all＂ approach in terms of teaching contents and methods that surely ignore the students＇ personalized physique development. Hierarchical Teaching of PE,then,makes it possible to concern the individuality of students when teaching. It seems that,students＇ PE score and physical skills were often taken as the baselines of grading in the current teaching research and practice in hierarchical teaching of PE,setting the issues of students＇ physique health out of consideration. The analytical results showed that,big-data driven of students＇ physique health,as the solid supports of Hierarchical Teaching of PE,can not only provide the fundamental reference of grading,but also function as a feasible approach to avoid the risks in athletic sports and the evaluations of PE class. With ＂ health comes first＂ as the guideline as well as hierarchical teaching of PE,data-driven and physical prescription as the baselines,the present study attempted to put forward the framework of the hierarchical teaching of PE based on the former teaching reform of PE. Students of varying grades can benefit from it by the specific educational agenda,so that the precision and scientificity of their health can be improved. Moreover,it can not only improve students ＇ all-round development in different grades,but also enhance the management of students＇ physical risks,which will provide the new ideas for the educational reform in PE class.