体育运动对注意转换功能影响的研究进展

Research progress of the impact of sports on attention switching function

注意转换功能是执行功能的重要组成部分,是指在执行多个任务或情景时,认知资源相互转换的过程,在日常的学习生活中扮演着重要的角色。个体的注意转换功能可以通过运动干预得到改善和提高。就体育运动对注意转换功能影响的相关文献进行整理与分析。综述发现:在研究对象的选取方面,我国学者主要集中在青少年儿童、大学生以及慢性疾病的研究方面;运动类型多为短时有氧运动为主,干预方式相对较单一;研究方法较多地采用行为学任务测试,而使用先进的认知神经科学技术的研究较少。未来的研究可以较多的关注认知健康的老年人群,进行不同类型的运动干预,并结合认知神经科学技术,探讨体育运动对注意转换功能的影响及其内在的神经机制。

Attention switching function as an important part of executive function,refers to the process of cognitive resource conversion when performing multiple tasks or situations,which plays an important role in daily study and life. Attention switching function of individual can be improved through physical exercise intervention. This article collects and analyzes relevant literature on the effect of sports to attention switching function. It is found that in the selection of the research objects,scholars mainly focus on adolescent children,college students,and chronic diseases; The types of exercise are mainly short-term aerobic exercise,and the intervention method is relatively simple; Research methods mainly adopt the behavioral test and fewer studies use advanced cognitive neuroscience techniques. The future research can focus more on cognitively healthy elderly populations,adopt different types of exercise intervention,and combine with cognitive neuroscience technology to explore the effects of sports on attention switching function and its intrinsic neural mechanism.