领导-成员创新动机感染模型构建

Leader-member Innovation Motivational Contagion Model Construction

随着自组织和网络组织的兴起,组织结构日益扁平化。团队工作方式盛行,领导-成员互动频繁,成员作用日益加强,领导与成员创新动机相互动态影响。领导与成员创新动机相互介入并投入到创新活动中的动态过程、领导-成员创新动机感染过程已成为理论界和实践界共同关注的焦点。运用社会认知理论,采用扎根理论研究方法,收集来自企业领导与成员的12对配对访谈资料,借助Nvivo 8.0质性分析软件编码、提炼范畴,并建立主范畴间关系结构,提炼出创新动机感染概念,分析领导-成员创新动机感染过程,找出线索信息和影响因素,构建领导与成员之间的创新动机感染模型。研究结果表明,(1)领导-成员的创新动机之间存在一个双向互动的动机感染过程。领导和成员均能通过感知对方创新动机激发的线索信息和组织创新环境信息,经过认知加工,被对方的创新动机所感染,最终形成自身的创新动机。因此,领导与成员的创新动机相互感染、相互激发,最终形成创新动机互促的良性循环。(2)领导-成员创新动机感染过程中存在无意识和有意识两种感染过程,无意识的感染过程不需要通过意识的努力去注意与对方创新动机相关的创新意识、创新态度和组织环境等线索信息,他们会自动进行因果推理,进而形成创新动机;有意识的自我调节过程通过感知对方创新意愿和创新行动等相关线索信息,结合自己的动机倾向,有目的地分析、判断、推理,进而自我决定是否形成创新动机。研究结果从新的角度丰富了动机和创新相关理论,在一定程度上加深了对领导-成员创新动机与创新关系的理解,丰富了动机动态过程的理论,发现了创新动机感染这一过程,在一定程度上丰富了认同理论的运用范围。

With the rise of self-organizations and network organizations,the increasing flattening of organizational structures,and the prevalence of teamwork,leader-member interactions get increasingly frequent,and employees＇ role is gradually enhanced,leading to a dynamic interplay of leaders＇ and members＇ innovation motivational. The leader-member innovation motivational,which intervene with each other and are already put into the dynamic process of innovation activities,have become a focus of attention in the theoretical and practical circles.12 pairs of leader-member interview data are collected,from which categories are extracted and an relational structure is established among major themes by grounded theory methodology and Nvivo 8. 0 based on the social cognitive theory. And a concept is extracted for innovation motivational contagion,followed by an analysis of the leader-member innovation motivational contagion process,finding out clue information and influencing factors,building a model for leader-member innovation motivational contagion.The research shows：（1）there is a two-way interactive motivation contagion process between leader-member innovation motivations. Leader-member innovation motivations are contagious to either side and have finally become intrinsic in them after cognitive processing since both sides can perceive the clue information and organizational innovation environment information inspired from each other＇s innovation motivation. Therefore,leader-member innovation motivations have mutual contagious effects and can inspire each other,enabling their innovation motivations to help each other forward in a virtuous circle.（2）The leader-member innovation motivational contagion process falls into two types： unconscious one and conscious one. As to the unconscious contagion process： either side needn＇t pay conscious attention to clue information related to the other＇s innovation motivation such as innovative consciousness,innovative attitude and organizational environment,since this side can carry out causal reasoning,which influences the formation of an innovation motivation. As to the conscious contagion process： by perceiving clue information such as the other side＇s innovative intention and action,either side,based on their own motivation,carries out a purposeful analysis,judgment and inference,to decide whether or not to form an innovation motivation.The research results enrich employee innovation related theories from the motivational contagion perspective,deepen the understanding of the relationship between leader-member innovation motivations and innovation; enrich the theories of the dynamic motivation process; bring out the process of innovation motivational contagion; which can extend the application scope of the social cognitive theory.