美国著名智库对“一带一路”的认知分歧与美国对华多重身份定位

A Probe on Diverse Perceptions on B & R of American Well-known Think Tanks from the National Indentity Perspective

"一带一路"倡议自提出以来,受到国际社会的高度关注,因此,全面系统地了解外部世界对于"一带一路"的真实态度和其内部的观点分歧就显得至关重要,其中美国的态度较为关键。论文选择了美国多家核心智库作为观察对象,系统检视了美国战略界对"一带一路"的态度及其认知分歧,结果发现美国国际战略界对"一带一路"的分歧主要集中于其是出于经济发展动机还是出于地缘政治和军事安全动机。进一步地看,这种对于"一带一路"经济和地缘政治目标的不同判断,反映出美国战略层对中国国家身份的多重定位,而这种对中国国家身份的多重定位表明,虽然美国对华越来越疑虑,但美国战略界整体上仍然未把中国视为一个修正主义国家,未从根本上认定中国正在挑战美国霸权和当前的世界秩序。

Since its introduction,the"Belt and Road Initiative"(BRI)has sparked intense international debate over its purposes.It is therefore extremely important for Chinese researchers to understand the real attitudes and competing opinions of outside world toward the BRI,especially those held by the U.S..In order to systematically survey the diverse perceptions and misperceptions of the BRI among American strategic analysts,this paper examines over 100 top American think thanks based on the ranking in the latest edition of the"Global Go To Think Tank Index Report."The main finding is that top American think thanks diverge on their assessments of the motives of the BRI.Some analysts believe it is economic benefits while others think it is geopolitical and military considerations.A closer examination reveals that the diverse and somewhat competing perceptions are a result of American strategic analysts' different views of China's national images and identities.This article argues that the U.S.has not concluded that China is a revisionist power,which challenges American primacy and the current international order.