澳大利亚陆克文—吉拉德政府难民政策改革述评

The Reform of Australia's Refugee Policies during the Rudd and Gillard Governments

澳大利亚是一个有着接受难民传统的发达国家,也是联合国难民公约签署国,曾为国际难民问题的解决做出重要贡献。后冷战时代以来澳大利亚难民政策逐渐紧缩,尤其是2001年"太平洋解决方案"的出台,造成了一系列经济与社会问题。继任的陆克文—吉拉德工党政府执政时期,澳大利亚难民政策进行了一系列人道主义改革尝试,却也使得澳大利亚难民问题解决陷入了新的困境。

As a traditional immigrant country and a signatory to the United Nations Refugee Convention,Australia has made great contribution to the solution of international refugee issues.Since the end of the Cold War,Australia has gradually tightened its refugee policies.In particular,the introduction of the 2001 "Pacific Solution"during the Howard government has caused a series of economic and social problems.During the succeeding Labor governments headed by Rudd and Gillard,although a series of humanitarian reforms was instituted,it also plunged Australia's refugee problem into a new predicament.