浅析卢梭政府理论的立论基础

Analysis of the Foundation of Rousseau's Theory of Government

作为启蒙运动时期最伟大的思想家之一,卢梭留给后世的主要有他的平等理论、社会契约论与人民主权学说。其中,社会契约论是其最负盛名的政治思想,它与平等理论、人民主权学说相互联系而又独树一帜。在社会契约论当中,卢梭重点论述了国家(政府)与人民之间的关系问题,并且提出公共意志理论来进一步厘清"社会契约"的运作过程。本文将以社会契约论的主要内容为基本框架,对他的政府理论的立论基础进行初步探索,从他的政治哲学理论出发,探讨卢梭政府理论形成的基础。

As one of the greatest thinkers of the Enlightenment period, Rousseau left him with his theory of equality, the theory of social contract, and the theory of people＇s sovereignty. Among them, the social contract theory is its most prestigious political thought. It is linked with the theory of equality and the people＇s sovereignty theory and is unique. In the social contract theory, Rousseau focused on the relationship between the state and the people and put forward the theory of public will to further clar- ify the operation process of the ＂social contract.＂ This article will take the main content of the social contract theory as the basic framework, make a preliminary exploration of the theoretical basis of his government theory, and proceed from his theory of political philosophy to discuss the foundation of Rousseau＇s government theory.