“屋漏”本义探源

Researching Initial Meaning on Wulou（屋漏）

“屋漏”一词的含义，汉以来众说纷纭，但只有犍为、刘熙的本字说时代最靠前且最有根据。从西周丧葬中“毁庙”仪节以及先秦、两汉、魏晋南北朝文献中关于“屋漏”的用例，结合考古发现，本字说也最具说服力。《毛诗·大雅·抑》“尚不娩于屋漏”之“屋漏”最初亦当作本字解，指代迁入宗庙的祖先神灵。郑玄“帐隐”说选取了西北隅的另一种寓意，与“屋漏”本义已有相当大的距离，可视为假借义，《中庸》和宋诗用例很好地说明了这一点。

Although the meaning of the Wulou has different opinions since the Han Dynasty,only Qianwei &Liu Xi’s original character meaning is the most time forward and most evidential.According to the funeral rites of the Western Zhou Dynasty and the poems in pre-Qin,Han,Wei and Jin Dynasties on the Wulou,combined with the archaeological discovery,the original character meaning is also most convincing.The initial explanation on Wulou in Dayaof Shijingshould follow the original character meaning,refer to the ancestors in ancestral temple.The‘hidden curtain’from Zheng Xuan selects another meaning of northwest corner,which has a considerable distance to the original character meaning and can be regarded as the borrowed meaning.Zhongyongand poems in Song Dynasty provide more good examples for this.