系统视角下乡村医生的数量变化研究

Population Change Study of Rural Doctors in A Systematic View

目的:从卫生系统外和卫生系统内两个角度来分析乡村医生的数量变化,为乡村医生的发展提供建议支持。方法:系统内分析将乡村医生和其他医疗服务提供者的数量变化进行了对比,系统外将农村地区人口、经济、交通、通信四个方面的变化与乡村医生的数量变化进行了对比,数据主要来源于《中国卫生和计划生育统计年鉴》、《中国统计年鉴》以及"国家统计局——国家数据"查询平台等。结果:2003~2011年,乡村医生与卫生系统内其他医疗服务提供者的数量呈稳步上升态势;卫生系统外,农村人口比重呈下降趋势,社会经济条件持续改善。2011~2015年,乡村医生数量逐渐下降,与此同时,卫生系统内其他医疗服务提供者的数量仍在持续增加;卫生系统外,农村人口进一步减少,社会经济条件进一步改善。结论:卫生系统内竞争持续增加以及卫生系统外社会经济条件持续改善下农村居民医疗服务需求的转移,是乡村医生数量降低的关键原因。

Objective To study the population change of rural doctors in a view of within and outside the health system, and bring support to the development of rural doctors. Method Within the health system, we compared the population change of rural doctors with other medical health providers. Outside the health system, we compared the population change of rural doctors with the rural society environment change （from the perspective of population, economy., transportation and communication）. The data needed was obtained mainly from China Statistical Yearbook of Health and Family Planning, China Statistical Yearboolc and the national data query platform of National Bureau of Statistics. Results From 2003 to 2011, the population of rural doctors was on the rise, so were pther providers within the health systeln. Outside the health system, the ratio of rural population was in continuous decline, the social and economic condition in rural area was in continuous improving. From 2011 to 2015, the population of rural doctor kept turning down. On the contrary, the population of other providers within the health system was in continuous increase. Rural population were further decline, and social and economic condition in rural area outside the health system were further im- proving. Conclusion The transfer of rural residents＇ medical need caused by continuous increasing competition within the health system and continuous improving social and economic condition outside the health system is one of the vital reason why the popula- tion of rural doctor declined.