从手术应激的角度看加速康复外科

Enhanced recovery after surgery from perspective of surgery stress

目的探讨加速康复外科(ERAS)对外科手术患者机体内平衡的影响,以及ERAS在减轻患者的生理和心理的应激反应、促进患者尽快从外科手术创伤中恢复这一过程中所起的作用。方法对国内外发表的有关ERAS及其对患者围手术期应激程度影响的相关文献进行综述。结果 ERAS是在循证医学的指导下建立起来的一种新的围手术期管理模式,其核心是通过一系列的优化措施,降低患者围手术期的生理和心理的应激水平,促进患者术后康复;同时,ERAS因其特有的优势,尤其是在缩短住院时间、降低手术费用等方面更是具有传统外科无法比拟的优势,已越来越广泛地被外科医生和患者所采纳。结论尽管ERAS理念目前尚未被大多数临床医生所接受,但ERAS确实为患者提供了一种更加优化的围手术期处理策略,可明显降低围手术期患者的应激水平,提高患者的治疗效果,加速患者的术后康复,能使患者获益。

Objective To explore effect of enhanced recovery after surgery （ERAS） on maintaining homeostasis of patient body and role of ERAS in alleviating stress response of physiological and psychological of patient and promoting recovery of patient from operative trauma as soon as possible. Method The related literatures published at home and abroad about the ERAS and its influence on the perioperative stress degree of patient were reviewed and analyzed. Results The ERAS was a new perioperative management mode established under the guidance of evidence-based medicine, whose core was to reduce the perioperative physiological and psychological stress level of the patient through a series of optimized measures, and to promote the postoperative rehabilitation. At the same time, the ERAS had been more and more widely accepted by the surgeons and patients because of its unique advantages, especially in shortening the hospital stay and reducing the operating costs. Conclusions Although concept of ERAS is not yet accepted by most clinicians, ERAS does provide a more optimal perioperative management strategy for patient, could obviously reduce perioperative stress level, improve patient outcome, accelerate postoperative recovery of patient, and provide benefit for patient underwent surgery.