开展核酸检测后南阳地区献血者HBV/HCV/HIV检测结果分析

HBV/HCV/HIV tests result analysis of blood donors in Nanyang after the initiation of nucleic acid testing

目的分析开展核酸检测后本地区献血者HBV/HCV/HIV血液检测结果。方法采用2种酶免试剂对献血者血液进行HBsAg、抗-HCV、HIV Ag-Ab ELISA检测,对ELISA非反应性及单试剂反应性的标本进行8人份混样HBV DNA/HCV RNA/HIV RNA核酸定性检测,对ELISA非反应性、HCV RNA、HIV RNA反应性标本进行追踪随访。结果 HBsAg、抗-HCV和HIVAg-Ab ELISA检测总反应性率为0.71%（2 381/334 781）,双试剂反应性率为0.37%（1 251/334 781）。333 530例标本进行NAT检测,共检出682个NAT反应性pools,拆分出367例NAT反应性标本（拆分反应性率为53.81%）,其中在ELISA非反应性标本中检出351例NAT反应性标本,单试剂反应性标本中检出16例NAT反应性标本;NAT反应性标本中360例为HBV DNA＋、6例为HCV RNA＋和1例为HIV RNA＋。追踪随访5例ELISA-/NAT＋的献血者,确定4例为HCV感染者,1例为HIV感染者。结论开展NAT检测,可以有效降低血液病毒＂窗口期＂等造成的残余风险,有效保障了南阳地区的临床输血安全。

Objective To analyze the HBV/HCV/HIV test results of blood donors after NAT was applied in our area.Methods Firstly,the blood samples were detected by two ELISA reagents on HBsAg,anti-HCV and anti-HIV.The dual-unreactive and single-unreactive samples sent for NAT in aeight-sample mixmodel on HBV DNA/HCV RNA/HIV. Finally,the ELISA-negative and NAT-positive donors were followed up regularly.Results The overall positive rate of ELISA was 0. 71%（ 2 381/334 781） and the dual-positive rate of ELISA was 0. 37%（ 1 251/334 781）. 682 positive pools were detected by NAT in 333 530 samples and 367 positive samples were eventuallydetected,yieldinga positive rate of 53. 81%. Among the ELISA-negative samples,351 NAT-positive samples were detected. 16 NAT-positive were detected in single-positive ELISA samples. 360 HBV-DNA-positive,6 HCV-RNA-positive and 1 HIV-RNA-positive sample were detected in the NAT positive samples.5 ELISA-negative but NAT-positive donors were followed up. At last,4 HCV-infected donors and 1 HIV-infected donor wasidentified. Conclusion NAT detection can effectivelyreduce the residual risk caused by blood virus ＂ window period＂ and thus guarantee the safety of clinical blood transfusion in Nanyang area.