国内外重症营养的新进展

New progress of nutrition for severe patients at home and abroad

近年来，危重症患者营养的研究进展迅速，尤其是国内重症营养的研究。本综述通过阐述危重症患者营养不良的风险和营养评估工具的利弊，说明了低热量营养在危重症患者中的使用，比较了肠内营养和肠外营养的优缺点，以及危重症患者的免疫营养治疗的方法，并重点综述了国内重症营养的进展及与国外研究的对比，为临床营养今后的发展指明方向。

In recent years, the researches on nutrition for critically ill patients had advanced quickly, especially the domestic severe illness nutritional studies. In this review, the risk of malnutrition in severe patients and the pros and cons of nutritional evaluation stool, illustration of the use of low calorie nutrition in critically ill patients, the comparison of the advantage and disadvantage between enteral nutrition and parenteral nutrition, and the immune nutritional method for treatment of critically ill patients were explained; the key point of this summary is on the advance of severe illness nutrition at home compared with that at abroad in order to make a suggestion to direct the future development of clinical nutrition.