云南勐海早稻白背飞虱种群动态及虫源地分析

Population dynamics and source areas of the white-backed planthopper Sogatella furcifera (Horváth) in Menghai,Yunnan province

【目的】白背飞虱Sogatella furcifera(Horváth)是勐海稻区重要的迁飞性害虫,对当地水稻的生产造成严重威胁。本试验旨在研究勐海早稻白背飞虱种群发生动态与虫源地位置,明确迁飞种群发生规律,为实施害虫的异地预测预报提供科学依据。【方法】利用HYSPLIT轨迹分析模型和Gr ADS软件,分析2000-2016年灯诱峰期迁入种群的虫源地分布和气象背景情况;通过田间系统调查和雌成虫卵巢系统解剖,研究2013年勐海稻区白背飞虱的种群动态以及各发生世代的虫源性质。【结果】勐海稻区4月的虫源地主要集中在缅甸中部,部分来自于缅甸南部和金三角地区,5月的虫源地集中在缅甸东部,泰国、老挝、越南的北部也能提供部分虫源;灯诱峰期的天气背景主要为风切变、下沉气流、低温屏障和降水;第2代白背飞虱为危害勐海早稻的主害代,时间为4月中旬至5月中旬。【结论】明确了勐海早稻迁入种群的虫源地分布及主害代发生时期,为白背飞虱在当地的防治和异地预测预报提供了技术支撑。

[Objectives] The white-backed planthopper（WBPH, Sogatella furcifera（Horváth）） is an important migratory pest in the Menghai rice-growing region where it poses a major threat to rice production. To clarify factors affecting the abundance of the migratory population, and thereby provide a scientific basis for forecasting outbreaks, we investigated the population dynamics of the Menghai WBPH population and identified its source areas. [Methods] The NOAA ARL HYSPLIT model and Gr ADS and meteorological baseline data collected during peak light trapping periods from 2000 to 2016 were used to identify source areas of the immigrant population. Systematic field investigations and dissection of the ovaries of adult females were used to investigate the population dynamics and characteristics of different generations of WBPH at Menghai in 2013. [Results] Most Menghai WBPH come from central Myanmar with a minority of immigrants coming from south Myanmar and the Golden Triangle in April. In May, most Menghai WBPH come from eastern Myanmar with some from northern Thailand, Laos and Vietnam. The usual weather conditions associated with peak light-trap captures are wind shear, downward air-flow, a low temperature barrier and precipitation. The generation that causes the most damage to early rice crops in Menghai is the second-generation which occurs from mid-April to mid-May. [Conclusion] The results of this study identify the source of early WBPH immigrants and the generation that does the most damage to rice crops. This provides a scientific basis to support local prevention and forecasting in different areas affected by this pest.